The residency Match is one of the most important milestones in a physician’s career. However, not every applicant secures a position during the initial Match process. For those who remain unmatched, the Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program (SOAP) provides another opportunity to obtain a residency position during Match Week.

This blog explains what SOAP is, how it works, and how applicants can navigate the process successfully.

What Is SOAP?

The Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program (SOAP) is a structured system used by the National Resident Matching Program to help unmatched or partially matched applicants secure residency positions that remain unfilled after the main Match.

In simple terms, SOAP is a second chance to match into residency programs during Match Week.

SOAP replaced the old “Scramble” system in 2012, creating a more organized and transparent process for filling open residency positions.

 

Who Is Eligible for SOAP?

Not every applicant can participate in SOAP. To be eligible, applicants must:

  • Be registered for the Main Residency Match

  • Be unmatched or partially matched when results are released on Monday of Match Week

  • Meet eligibility requirements set by the NRMP and the application service used by the program.

Applicants who already matched to a residency position are not eligible for SOAP.

 

How SOAP Works During Match Week

SOAP occurs during Match Week (Monday–Thursday) and follows a structured timeline.

1. Match Status Notification (Monday)

Applicants receive an email indicating whether they matched or did not match, but the program name is not yet revealed.

If an applicant is unmatched, they gain access to a list of programs with unfilled residency positions.

2. Apply to Unfilled Programs

Applicants can apply to programs with open positions through the residency application system.

Programs then review applications and may contact applicants for brief interviews.

3. Offer Rounds

Residency programs send offers through the NRMP system in multiple rounds.

Each round gives applicants a limited time window (usually about two hours) to accept or decline the offer.

Several rounds of offers occur until available positions are filled.

 

Why SOAP Matters

SOAP is an important safety net for applicants who do not match initially. It provides:

  • A structured process for filling open residency positions

  • Equal access to unfilled programs

  • A second opportunity for applicants to start residency training that year.

For many applicants, SOAP can turn a disappointing Match result into a successful residency placement.

 

Tips for SOAP Success

If you anticipate the possibility of entering SOAP, preparation is essential.

1. Prepare Application Materials Early
Make sure your CV, personal statement, and letters of recommendation are ready before Match Week.

2. Be Flexible With Specialties
Some specialties have more unfilled positions than others, so flexibility can increase your chances.

3. Respond Quickly to Offers
SOAP operates on tight timelines, and quick decision-making is crucial.

4. Maintain Professional Communication
Programs may conduct rapid interviews, so professionalism and clarity are key.

 

Final Thoughts

While matching during the main residency Match is the goal for most applicants, not matching initially does not mean the end of the journey. The Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program offers a structured and transparent pathway for unmatched applicants to secure residency positions during Match Week.

With preparation, flexibility, and quick decision-making, SOAP can serve as an important opportunity to continue your medical training and move forward in your career.